Difference between Integrated Education and Inclusive Education?
Integrated education is about 'going to school' whereas inclusive education is about 'participating in school'. Integrated education essentially follows the medical model of disability which sees the child as a problem and demands that the child is changed, or rehabilitated, to fit the system. Inclusive education is more in tune with the social model of disability which sees the system as the problem. The school and the education system as a whole is enabled to change in order to meet the individual needs of all learners
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邁向新世紀的全納教育
融合或全納教育：未來香港教育邁進的方向
全納教育(Inclusive Education) 與融合教育(Integrated Education)的分別
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全納教育和融合教育的主要分別表列如下：
全納教育 (Inclusive Education)
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融合教育 (Integrated Education)
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全納 – 包容的意思，是兒童初入學時已被接納在主流教育裏。
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融合 – 回流的意思，是把被隔離在特殊學校接受教育的兒童回流到普通學校就讀。
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80年代理念開始萌芽，90年代開始在先進國家全面發展。
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70年代初開始發展。
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是融合教育的申延發展。
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是全納教育發展的根基。
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學校接納兒童的特殊需要，並對學童提供所需的幫助和支援服務，以便他們能夠在普通學校與一般的兒童共同生活和學習。
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普通學校未必可以為融合生提供適當的幫助或支援服務。
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重新整理學校和課室的環境以符合所有學童的需要。
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所有的兒童需要適應學校所訂立一致的政策，課程和課室教與學的措施等，但也未必可以考慮個別學童的需要。
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只有在普通的課室環境下學習，才會真實和有意義地實踐教育理念。特殊需要的學童應得到一般兒童的「正常」學習生活。
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每個兒童均有權利在普通學校接受教育並同享用一樣的資源和服務。
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Inclusion (education)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Inclusive in education is an approach to educating students with special educational needs. Under the inclusion model, students with special needs spend most or all of their time with non-disabled students. Implementation of these practices varies. Schools most frequently use them for selected students with mild to severe special needs.[1]
Inclusive education differs from previously held notions of integration and mainstreaming, which tended to be concerned principally with disability and ‘special educational needs’ and implied learners changing or becoming ‘ready for’ or deserving of accommodation by the mainstream. By contrast, inclusion is about the child’s right to participate and the school’s duty to accept the child. Inclusion rejects the use of special schools or classrooms to separate students with disabilities from students without disabilities. A premium is placed upon full participation by students with disabilities and upon respect for their social, civil, and educational rights. Inclusion gives students with disabilities skill they can use in and out of the classroom.[2]
Fully inclusive schools, which are rare, no longer distinguish between "general education" and "special education" programs; instead, the school is restructured so that all students learn together.[3]
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Integrated education
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Integrated education movement in Northern Ireland is an attempt to bring together children, parents and teachers from both Roman Catholic and Protestant traditions: the aim being to provide a balanced education, while allowing the opportunity to understand and respect all cultural and religious backgrounds. The Northern Ireland Council for Integrated Education (NICIE), a voluntary organisation, promotes, develops and supports integrated education in Northern Ireland.
The *Integrated Education Fund (IEF) is a financial foundation for the development and growth of integrated education in Northern Ireland in response to parental demand. The IEF seeks to bridge the financial gap between starting integrated schools and securing full government funding and support.
It was established in 1992 with money from EU Structural Funds, the Department of Education NI, the Nuffield Foundation and the Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust, as a financial foundation for the development and growth of Integrated Education. The Fund financially supports the establishment of new schools, the growth of existing schools and those schools seeking to become integrated through the transformation process. Funding is generally seed corn and projects are ‘pump primed’ with the objective of eventually securing full government funding and support.
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